Nestled in the verdant landscape of southern India, Kerala is home to some of the most stunning natural environments in the country. Known as “God’s Own Country,” this state offers an unparalleled blend of lush greenery, serene backwaters, and diverse wildlife.
Among its many attractions, the largest national park in Kerala stands out as a must-visit destination for nature lovers and adventurers alike. This article delves into what makes this park unique and how you can make the most of your visit.
The charm of Kerala’s largest national park
Kerala’s largest national park, Periyar National Park, is an expansive sanctuary that provides a haven for many species, both flora and fauna. Spanning over 925 square kilometers, this park is not just a destination; it’s an experience that immerses you in the very heart of nature. From the dense forests that blanket the hills to the tranquil waters of the Periyar Lake, the park is a testament to Kerala’s natural beauty.
Location and accessibility
Located in the Idukki and Pathanamthitta districts of Kerala, the largest national park in Kerala is well-connected by road. It is easily accessible from major cities like Kochi, Kottayam, and Madurai.
The nearest airport is Cochin International Airport, around 140 kilometers away, one of the major airports in Kerala. The park’s location in the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage site, adds to its significance as an ecological treasure trove.
Exploring the Biodiversity
Moreover, one of the main attractions of Periyar National Park in Kerala is its rich biodiversity. The park is home to an impressive variety of species, making it a crucial area for conservation and a paradise for wildlife enthusiasts.
Flora: A Botanical Wonderland
Periyar’s flora is as diverse as it is abundant. The park’s landscape is dominated by evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, with patches of moist deciduous forests. The flora includes:
Tall Teak Trees: These majestic trees form the backbone of the park’s ecosystem.
Bamboo Groves: Extensive bamboo thickets shelter many of the park’s animals.
Rare Orchids: The park is home to several species of rare and endangered orchids, adding a splash of color to the forest floor.
Fauna: Wildlife in Abundance
Periyar, the best national park in Kerala known for its wildlife, shares its fame with Mattancherry Palace, a historical gem in the state. The largest national park in Kerala is a sanctuary for several endangered species, offering visitors a rare glimpse into the natural world.
Mammals
Indian Elephants: Periyar is a famous national park in Kerala for its large population of elephants. National park in Kerala, often seen near the lake or deep within the forests.
Tigers: Although elusive, Periyar is part of Project Tiger, and the park’s dense forests are home to a significant population of tigers.
Gaurs: These Indian bison are often spotted grazing in the open grasslands of the park.
Birds
Great Hornbills: The park is a birdwatcher’s delight, with over 265 species of birds, including the iconic Great Hornbill.
Kingfishers: The park’s water bodies attract several species of kingfishers, adding color to the serene surroundings.
Reptiles and Amphibians
King Cobras: Among the many reptiles that inhabit Periyar, the King Cobra is the most notable, making the park a significant area for herpetology studies.
Malabar Pit Vipers: These are frequently spotted in the undergrowth, blending perfectly with their surroundings.
Activities and experiences
The largest national park in Kerala offers a various types of activities that allow visitors to explore its beauty and diversity. Whether you’re an adrenaline junkie or someone looking for a peaceful retreat, there’s something for everyone.
Boat cruises on Periyar Lake
A boat cruise on Periyar Lake is the most popular activity within the park. However, these guided tours offer a unique perspective of the park’s wildlife. Early morning and late afternoon cruises are the best times to spot animals as they come to the water’s edge to drink. You might even catch a glimpse of an elephant herd taking a dip!
Guided nature Walks
For those who prefer to stay on land, taking a guided nature walk is a fantastic opportunity to discover the park’s flora and fauna up close. These walks, led by experienced naturalists, take you through different terrains, offering insights into the park’s ecosystem.
Bamboo Rafting
For a more immersive experience, try bamboo rafting. This day-long activity involves trekking through the forest and floating down the river on a bamboo raft. It’s an excellent way to see the park’s wildlife, particularly birds and smaller mammals, in their natural habitat.
Jeep Safaris
Jeep safaris offer a faster way to explore the park, especially in the more remote areas. These safaris take you deep into the forest, providing opportunities to see some of the more elusive animals, like tigers and leopards. This makes it a thrilling experience for those interested in wildlife, just as heritage sites in Kerala attract those fascinated by cultural and historical treasures.
The Periyar Tiger Trail
For the adventurous, the Periyar Tiger Trail is a must. This guided trek, ranging from one to two days, takes you deep into the tiger reserve, offering a thrilling experience as you camp out in the heart of the jungle. The trail is led by a group of trained ex-poachers, providing a unique perspective on conservation efforts.
Best Time to Visit
Moreover, the best time to visit Periyar National Park is between October and February. During this period, the weather is pleasant, and the chances of spotting wildlife are high. The monsoon season (June to September) brings heavy rains, rendering certain areas of the park unusable, but it’s also when the park is at its greenest.
Accommodation Options
Periyar offers a range of accommodation options, catering to different budgets and preferences. Whether you’re looking for a luxurious stay or a more rustic experience, there’s something for everyone.
Luxury Resorts
Thekkady Lake Palace: This former royal hunting lodge offers a luxurious stay with fantastic views of Periyar Lake.
Spice Village: Located near the park entrance, this eco-friendly resort blends luxury with nature.
Mid-Range Options
Aranya Nivas: A KTDC-run hotel, Aranya Nivas is located within the park and provides simple access to all activities.
Cardamom County: This resort offers comfortable rooms surrounded by lush greenery and spice plantations.
Budget Stays
Jungle Palace Homestay: For a more affordable option, Jungle Palace offers cozy rooms with forest views.
Periyar Woods: A budget-friendly guesthouse offering clean rooms and basic amenities.
Sustainability and Conservation Efforts
The largest national park in Kerala is not just a tourist destination; it’s a model for conservation efforts in India. The park’s management has implemented several programs to promote sustainability and involve local communities in conservation.
Eco-Tourism Initiatives
Periyar is a pioneer in eco-tourism, offering activities designed to have lower environmental impact while providing visitors an enriching experience. The park’s eco-tourism programs are run by local communities, provide a steady stream of money to them.
Community Involvement
One key aspect of Periyar’s conservation efforts is the involvement of local communities. Former poachers and illegal loggers are now employed as guides and trackers, turning them from forest exploiters to protectors.
Biodiversity Conservation
Periyar is involved in several national and international conservation programs, including Project Tiger and the Elephant Conservation Program. These efforts have helped recover critical species and improve the ecosystem’s overall health.
Travel Tips for Visiting Periyar National Park
Advance Booking: During peak season, the park sees many visitors, so it is advisable to book your activities and accommodations in advance.
Wear appropriate clothing: Neutral-colored clothing is recommended to avoid disturbing wildlife. Also, wear comfortable walking shoes.
Stay Hydrated: Carry enough water, especially if you plan a trek or a long walk.
Respect Wildlife: Additionally, always maintain a safe distance from animals and do not attempt to feed or provoke them.
Carry binoculars: A good pair can enhance your wildlife spotting experience.
Conclusion
Experiencing nature in the largest national park in Kerala is an adventure that leaves a lasting impression. From the majestic elephants and elusive tigers to the serene landscapes and rich biodiversity, Periyar National Park is a testament to the beauty and importance of conservation.
Whether looking for a peaceful retreat or an adventurous escape, this park has something to offer everyone. Plan your visit to the smallest national park in Kerala and immerse yourself in its natural wonders.
